The VEIN Handbook
A Layman's Version of Venous Disorders
Edited by Dr. Michael C. Dalsing, M.D.
Index
Chapter 1: Normal Venous Circulation
• Vein Anatomy
• Venous Return
• Components of Venous Circulation
• Peripheral Muscle Pump Mechanism
• Calf Pump
• Thigh and Foot Contributions to the Venous Pump
• Compensations
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 2: Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis and Its Complications
• What is Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis?
• Risk Factors
• Complications of DVT
• Pulmonary Embolism
• Post-Thrombotic Syndrome
• Determinants of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 3: Hypercoagulable States in Venous Disease
• Normal Hemostatic Mechanisms
• Fibrinolysis and Anticoagulant Pathways
• Hypercoagulable States
• Protein C Deficiency
• Protein S Deficiency
• Antithrombin III Deficiency
• Prothrombin Defects
• Fibrinolytic System Defects
• Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia
• Antiphospholipid Antibodies
• Activated Protein C Resistance
• Hyperhomocysteinemia
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 4: Medical Treatment of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis
• Treatment Objectives
• Heparin Therapy
• Complications
• Low Molecular Weight Heparin
• Oral Anticoagulant Therapy
• Monitoring
• Long-term Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism
• Duration of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients After a First DVT Episode
• Duration of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Recurrent DVT
• Adverse Effects of Oral Anticoagulants
• Treatment of Patients on Long-term Anticoagulants Who Require Surgery
• Upper Extremity DVT and Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 5: Catheter-directed Thrombolysis for Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis
• What is Thrombolysis?
• Treating Stenosis
• Complications of Thrombolysis
• Thrombectomy and Anticoagulation
• Conclusion
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 6: Surgery for Acute Iliofemoral Deep Venous Thrombosis
• Treatment Objectives
• What Happens in Thrombectomy
• Special Circumstances
• Complications
• Pulmonary Embolism
• Early Re-thrombosis
• Follow-up
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 7: Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis
• Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis
• Causes of SVT
• Trauma
• Suppurative (Pus-producing) Thrombopyhlebitis
• Migratory Thrombophlebitis
• Lesser Saphenous Vein Thrombophlebitis
• Varicose Veins
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 8: Treatment of Acute Axillary-Subclavian Venous Thrombosis
• Diagnosis
• Testing
• Treatment
• Anticoagulation
• Thrombolysis
• Treatment of Vein Narrowing from Within the Vein
• Surgery for Vein Compression
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 9: Pulmonary Embolism
• What is Pulmonary Embolism?
• Symptoms and Signs
• Diagnostic Testing
• More on Diagnostic Testing
• Treatment
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 10: Prevention of Deep Venous Thrombosis
• Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism
• Preventive Methods and Regimens
• Nonpharmacologic Prevention
• Pharmacologic Prevention
• Specific Recommendations
• General Surgery
• Vascular Surgery
• Other Types of Surgery
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 11: Indications and Techniques of Inferior Vena Cava Interruption
• What is Vena Cava Interruption?
• Filter Placement Procedure
• Common Indications for Inferior Vena Cava Interruption
• Patient Follow-up
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 12: Sclerotherapy
• What is Sclerotherapy?
• Diagnosis
• Indications for Sclerotherapy
• Contraindications for Sclerotherapy
• Treatment
• Compression
• Complications
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 13: Complications of Sclerotherapy
• Hyperpigmentation
• Telangiectatic Matting
• Cutaneous Necrosis
• Allergic Reaction
• Superficial Thrombophlebitis
• Injection into an Artery
• Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 14: Surgery for Varicose Veins
• What are Varicose Veins?
• Causes of Varicose Veins
• Indications for Treatment
• Options in Treatment
• Results of Intervention
• Recurrent Varicose Veins
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 15: Compression Treatment for Chronic Venous Insufficiency
• What is Chronic Venous Insufficiency?
• Elastic Compression Stockings
• Treatment Plan
• Paste Gauze Boots
• Other Forms of Compression
• Adjunctive Compression Devices
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 16: Surgical Repair of Incompetent Venous Valves
• What are Incompetent Venous Valves?
• Causes
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 17: Venous Valve Transplantation and Vein Segment Transfer for Valvular Incompetence of Deep Veins
• Indications for Deep Venous Reconstruction
• Contraindications for Deep Venous Reconstruction
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Results
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 18: Endovascular Reconstruction for Chronic Iliac Vein and Inferior Vena Cava Obstruction
• Techniques of Endovascular Reconstruction
• Thrombolysis and Balloon Angioplasty
• Metallic Stents
• Anticoagulation
• Chronic Iliac Vein Thrombosis
• May-Thurner Syndrome
• Complications
• Inferior Vena Caval Occlusion
• Cause and Manifestations
• Treatment
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 19: Subfascial Endoscopic Perforating Vein Surgery
• What are Incompetent Perforating Veins?
• Indications for Perforator Interruption
• Contraindications and Relative Contraindications to SEPS
• Preoperative Evaluation
• Surgery
• Results
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 20: Lymphedema
• The Lymphatic System
• Fundamental Causes of Lymphedema
• Symptoms and Course
• Diagnostic Aids
• Frequently Asked Questions
Chapter 21: Treatment of Lymphedema
• Why Treat Lymphedema?
• Step 1: Get a proper diagnosis
• Step 2: Decide whether to have treatment
• Step 3: Choose goals of treatment
• Step 4: Reduce the swelling
• Step 5: Prevent fluid re-accumulation
• Step 6: Maintain with diet, medications, and follow-up
• Counseling
• Frequently Asked Questions
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